Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection WT,īacteria predominantly colonize their environments in the form of biofilms, dense communities of contiguous cells embedded in a self–secreted polymeric matrix. Selective plane illumination microscope UMAP,

Scalable Nonlinear Equations Solvers SPIM, The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.Ĭhronic obstructive pulmonary disease ECM, This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation through the Project grant number 310030_189084 (to AP) and NCCR AntiResist (to AP). Received: DecemAccepted: JPublished: August 1, 2023Ĭopyright: © 2023 Rossy et al. PLoS Biol 21(8):Īcademic Editor: Victor Sourjik, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology: Max-Planck-Institut fur terrestrische Mikrobiologie, GERMANY (2023) Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pili actively induce mucus contraction to form biofilms in tissue-engineered human airways. Our results therefore suggest that, while protecting epithelia, mucus constitutes a breeding ground for biofilms.Ĭitation: Rossy T, Distler T, Meirelles LA, Pezoldt J, Kim J, Talà L, et al. aeruginosa actively contracts mucus using retractile filaments called type IV pili. Mucus contractions facilitate aggregation, thereby nucleating biofilms. aeruginosa forms mucus–associated biofilms within hours by contracting luminal mucus early during colonization. aeruginosa biofilm biogenesis in in vivo–like conditions. With AirGels, we investigated the contributions of mucus to P. AirGels recapitulate important factors that mediate host–pathogen interactions including mucus secretion, flow and air–liquid interface (ALI), while accommodating high–resolution live microscopy. To investigate the process of biofilm formation in realistic conditions, we developed AirGels: 3D, optically accessible tissue–engineered human lung models that emulate the airway mucosal environment. aeruginosa forms biofilms at the airway mucosa is unresolved. Despite extensive in vitro experimentation, how P. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes antibiotic–recalcitrant pneumonia by forming biofilms in the respiratory tract.

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